Organ Transplantation 2nd Edition
Buku ini diterbitkan tahun 2003 oleh Landes Bioscience, USA, merupakan buku edisi Kedua.
Judul: Organ Transplantation 2nd Edition
Oleh: Frank P. Stuart, M.D., et al (Editor)
Penerbit: Landes Bioscience, USA
Tahun: 2003
Jumlah Halaman: 637 hal.
Editor:
Frank P. Stuart, M.D.
James Roscoe Miller Professor of Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Chief, Division of Organ Transplantation
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
Michael M. Abecassis, M.D., M.B.A.
Associate Professor of Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Director, Liver Transplantation
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
Dixon B. Kaufman, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor
and Vice Chair of Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
Lingkup Pembahasan:
Buku ini berisi 21 bab dan dua belas esai; mengemukakan standar praktek dan juga isu-isu kontroversial seperti dilema etika daftar tunggu yang panjang, ketidakpatuhan dengan imunosupresi jangka panjang, hubungan antara akut dan penolakan kronis, organ donor hidup, donor cadaver tua, nefrektomi laparoskopi, retransplantation, bank organ dan jaringan transplantasi nasional kriteria untuk mengalokasikan organ untuk calon penerima, dan janji xenotransplantasi. Lampiran I berisi informasi rinci tentang obat imunosupresif.
Daftar Isi:
1. Immunologic Concepts 1
Philip F. Halloran, Thomas D. Batiuk, Nelson Goes and Patricia M. Campbell
Introduction 1
The Fate of Allografts 1
The Principal Molecules of Allorecognition 3
T-Cell Recognition And Triggering 13
Specific Immune Responses of T Cells and B Cells 18
Organization of Inflammation 22
Changes in the Target Tissue 26
Target Injury 27
Host And Graft Adaptation 30
Chronic Rejection 32
2. Overview of Living and Deceased Organ Donors, Immunosuppression and Outcomes 44
Frank P. Stuart
Origins of Immunosuppression and Solid Organ Transplantation 44
Cadaveric Donors 46
Living Donors 51
Immunosuppression 54
Steroid Free Immunosuppression 61
Outcomes 62
3. Organ Allocation in the United States 66
Frank P. Stuart and Michael Abecassis
The National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA) 66
Organ Procurement Organizations (OPOs) 66
The Division of Transplantation (DOT). 66
The Organ Center 71
Allocation of Abdominal Organs 72
Increasing Disparity Between Organ Supply and Waiting Lists 72
Recent Developments 73
4. Organ Procurement Organizations 74
Stephen D. Haid, James A. Kisthard and Jarold A. Anderson
Introduction 74
Legislation and Regulation 75
OPO Functions 80
The Organ Procurement Process 83
Initiatives to Increase Donation 88
Discussion 91
5. Procurement and Short-Term Preservation of Cadaveric Organs 93
Anthony M. D’Alessandro and James H. Southard
Organ Donation 93
Determination of Death 93
Evaluation and Selection of Donors 95
The Expanded Donor 97
Donor Resuscitation and Stabilization 97
Coordination of Multiorgan Retrieval 99
Surgical Techniques of Organ Procurement 99
Safe Transport of Organs 103
Short-Term Organ Preservation 103
Clinical Organ Preservation 104
Renal Preservation 104
Pancreas Preservation 104
Liver Preservation 104
Heart and Lung Preservation 105
Strategies to Minimize Ischemic Damage 105
Conclusion 106
6. Kidney Transplantation 107
Dixon B. Kaufman, Illustrations by Simon Kimm
Introduction 107
The Evaluation of Candidates For Kidney Transplantation 109
Cadaver and Living Kidney Donation 120
Transplantation Surgery and Post-Surgical Considerations 123
Renal Allograft Parenchymal Dysfunction 132
Transplant Nephrectomy 136
Immunosuppression For Kidney Transplantation 138
Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation 146
Summary 152
7. Pancreas Transplantation 154
Dixon B. Kaufman, Illustrations by Simon Kimm
Rationale of Pancreas Transplantation for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 154
Indications and Contraindications to Pancreas Transplantation 155
Evaluation of Candidates for Pancreas Transplantation 158
Transplant Surgery and Surgical Complications 159
Immunological Aspects of Pancreas Transplantation 173
Results of Pancreas Transplantation 177
8. Islet Transplantation 183
Dixon B. Kaufman, Bernhard J. Hering, Illustrations by Simon Kimm
Introduction 183
Rationale of Islet Transplantation for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes 183
Human Clinical Trials of Islet Transplantation 184
Indications and Contraindications to Islet Transplantation 185
HumaN Islet Processing, Production Testing and Transplantation 190
Posttransplant Management 195
Future Directions 199
9. Liver Transplantation 205
Michael Abecassis, Andres Blei, Alan Koffron, Steven Flamm, and Jonathan Fryer
Introduction 205
Liver Transplantation for Patients with Chronic Liver Disease 210
Pathophysiology of Chronic Liver Disease 211
Selection Criteria and Listing Process 216
Clinical Management While Awaiting Liver Transplantation 217
Recipient Operation 217
Standard Surgical Technique 219
Alternative Techniques 222
Immediate Postoperative Care 224
Investigation of Liver Function Test Abnormalities 226
Postoperative Care 232
10. Intestinal Transplantation 244
Jonathan P. Fryer
History 244
Indications 244
Contraindications 245
Pretransplant Recipient Evaluation 246
Donor Evaluation and Management 246
Donor Procurement 248
Recipient Procedure 250
Postoperative Management 252
Postoperative Surveillance 253
Posttransplant Function 255
Patient and Graft Survival 256
Morbidity 257
Mortality 258
Future Directions 258
Summary 258
11. Heart Transplantation 261
Keith A. Horvath and David A. Fullerton
Introduction 261
Pretransplant Management of the Recipient 261
Indications 262
Contraindications 267
Transplant Operation 267
Postoperative Management 272
Immunosuppression 272
Rejection 274
Outcomes 275
12. Lung Transplantation 280
Alberto de Hoyos and Matthew Blum
Introduction 280
Indications 280
Recipient Selection 281
Donor Selection 283
Chioce of Procedure 284
Donor Lung Extraction and Preservation 285
Technique of Lung Transplantation 287
Post-Operative Management 293
Bronchial Anastomotic Complications 298
Follow-Up Strategies and Procedures Required in Lung Transplant Recipients 300
Rejection in the Lung Transplant Recipient 301
Results of Lung Transplantation 304
13. Pediatric Transplantation 309
Part A: Heart Transplantation 309
Carl L. Backer, Elfriede Pahl, Constantine Mavroudis
History 309
Indications for Heart Transplantation in Children 309
Donor Selection and Procurement 311
Operative Techniques of Implant 312
Postoperative Management 313
Immunosuppression 314
Rejection Surveillance and Treatment 316
Childhood Diseases 317
Outcomes and Late Complications 317
Conclusions 318
Part B: Kidney Transplantation 321
P. Stephen Almond
Causes of Kidney Failure 321
Recipient Evaluation 322
Pretransplant management 324
Anesthetic Considerations 325
Transplant Procedure 325
Recovery 325
Immunosuppression 326
Rejection 327
Radiologic Considerations 327
Early Surgical Complications 328
Early Outpatient Care 329
Recurrence of Disease 329
Long-term Outcome 329
Part C: Liver Transplantation 333
Estella M. Alonso, Riccardo A. Superina
Causes of Liver Failure Unique to Children 333
Recipient Evaluation, Selection Criteria, Listing Process 333
Anesthetic Considerations 335
Transplant Procedure and IntrAoperative Considerations 335
Recovery and Intensive Care 337
In-Patient Care After ICU 338
Special Consideration for Immunosuppression 338
Assessment of Graft Function, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rejection 339
Diagnostic Radiology 340
Interventional Radiology Considerations 340
Early Surgical Complications 341
Overall Results 344
Part D: Pediatric Lung Transplantation 347
David A. Fullerton
Introduction 347
Indications for Lung Transplantation 347
Pretransplant Management 349
Transplant Procedure 349
Postoperative Management 351
Immunosuppression 351
Rejection 352
Surgical Complications 352
Outcomes 352
14. Anesthesia for Organ Transplantation 355
Andre DeWolf, Yoogoo Kang and Laurence Sherman
Liver Transplantation 355
Anesthetic Management 358
Intraoperative Care 360
Heart Transplantation 365
Lung Transplantation 370
Kidney Transplantation 373
Pancreas Transplantation 376
15. Psychiatric Issues in Organ Transplantation 378
John E. Franklin and Roslyn M. Paine
General Psychosocial Issues in Transplantation 378
The Differential of Common Psychiatric Disorders in Transplantation 383
Neuropsychiatric Side Effects of Common Transplant Medications 391
Psychotropic Medications 392
Special Issues in Organ Transplantation 394
Conclusion 398
16. Infections in Transplant Recipients 399
Valentina Stosor
Introduction 399
Bacterial Infections 402
Mycobacterial Infections 409
Fungal Infections 411
Viral Infections 416
Parasitic Infections 423
Vaccination in Transplant Recipients 424
17. Early Medical Problems Common to Many Recipients 426
Joseph P. Leventhal and William A. Schlueter
Early Medical Problems Common to Many Recipients 426
Renal Transplantation 426
Hemodialysis 429
Hyperkalemia 431
Hypomagnesemia 432
Hypophosphatemia 433
Ocular Disease 433
Muscle Weakness 434
Nonmalignant Skin Disease 434
Hyper- and Hypocalcemia 435
Hypochloremic Metabolic Acidosis 435
18. Late Complications of Transplantation 437
Bruce Kaplan and Herwig-Ulf Meier-Kriesche
Chronic Allograft Nephropathy 437
Hypertension 439
Hyperlipidemia 441
Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus 442
Recurrent Renal Disease 442
Pregnancy 443
Posttransplant Erythrocytosis (PTE) 444
Posttransplant Malignancies 444
19. Organ Transplantation Finance 448
Michael M. Abecassis, Dixon B. Kaufman and Frank P. Stuart
Introduction . 448
Medicare Reimbursement Basics 448
Transplantation Market Overview 454
Business Fundamentals 455
Conclusions 460
20. Regulatory and Fiscal Relationships between Transplant Centers and Transplant
Surgeons/Physicians 461
Frank P. Stuart, Michael M. Abecassis and Dixon B. Kaufman
Introduction 461
Review 461
21. Pregnancy and Transplantation 468
Vincent T. Armenti, Michael J. Moritz, John S. Radomski, Gary A. Wilson, William J.
Gaughan, Lisa A. Coscia and John M. Davison
Introduction 468
Immunosuppression During Pregnancy 468
Reports of Pregnancy Outcomes in Female Transplant Recipients 469
Pregnancies Fathered by Male Transplant Recipients 475
Obstetric Management Issues 475
Essay 1: Dominant Transplantation Tolerance 479
Luis Graca and Herman Waldmann
Essay 2: Antigen Receptor Revision as a Mechanism of Peripheral T Cell Tolerance 489
Cristine J. Cooper and Pamela J. Fink
Essay 3: T Cell Autoreactivity by Design: A Theoretical Framework for Understanding
Tolerance,
Autoimmunity and Transplant Rejection 500
Peter S. Heeger
Essay 4: Male Infertility in the Transplant Patient 512
Robert E. Brannigan and Robert Nadler
Essay 5: Spontaneous and Transplanted Malignancy 520
Israel Penn
Essay 6: Retransplantation of Vital Organs 528
Susan M. Lerner, Paige Porrett, James F. Markmann, and Ronald W. Busuttil
Essay 7: Noncompliance with Immunosuppressive Regimens 539
Thomas E. Nevins and Arthur J. Matas
Essay 8: Relationship between Acute and Chronic Rejection 546
Abhinav Humar and Arthur J. Matas
Essay 9: Elective and Emergency Surgery in the Stable Transplant Recipient 550
Amy L. Friedman, Giacomo P. Basadonna and Marc I. Lorber
Essay 10: Dental Issues before and after Organ Transplantation. 560
Peter Hurst
Essay 11: The Living Organ Donor: Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy 566
Joseph R. Leventhal
Essay 12: Xenotransplantation 573
Jonathan P. Fryer, Joseph R. Leventhal
Appendix I 589
Index 613
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