Wednesday, October 21, 2015

Organ Preservation for Transplantation Third Edition






Organ Preservation for Transplantation Third Edition: Molecular Intelligence Unit
Buku diterbitkan Tahun  2010  oleh  :  Landes Bioscience, USA adalah buku Edisi Ketiga.



Judul:  Organ Preservation for Transplantation Third Edition: Molecular Intelligence Unit
Pengarang:  Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra
Penerbit:  Landes Bioscience, USA
Tahun:  2010
Jumlah Halaman: 266  hal.

Author:
Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra Ahli Transplantasi Bedah, Peneliti dan Pendidik. Saat ini ia adalah Profesor Bedah dan Direktur Riset di Michigan State University, Kalamazoo Center dari Studi Kedokteran di mana ia mengajarkan mahasiswa kedokteran, warga dan rekan-rekan di inti medis dan penelitian bedah. Dia sangat tertarik dalam mempromosikan kegiatan ilmiah antara fakultas, warga dan mahasiswa kedokteran. Karyanya telah berkisar dari dasar pelestarian organ, mekanisme biologi molekul eriskemia dan reperfusi dan peran kemanusiaan medis pada perbaikan perawatan kesehatan.

Lingkup Pembahasan:
Buku ini mengemukakan transplantasi baru dan pelestarian spesialis dengan pendekatan bervariasi, pendekatan ini akan menyajikan pandangan dan alternatif yang berbeda dan pasti meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang bidang menantang yaitu pelestarian organ. Buku ini juga menunjukkan
penggambaran yang lebih akurat dari statusnya saat ini. Namun demikian, tujuan buku ini tetap persis sama seperti pada edisi pertama, yang "untuk menganalisis  aspek yang paling penting dari pengadaan organ, perfusi dan pelestarian untuk transplantasi. "

Daftar Isi:
Foreword   xiii
    John S. Najarian
Prefac  xv
    Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra
1.     Science of Organ Preservation   1
        Roberto Anaya-Prado, Alexander H. Toledo, Juan M. Palma-Vargas and Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra
        The Effects of Hypothermia  1
        Hypothermia Works through Diff erent Mechanisms  1
        Glycolytic Enzymes and Energy Stores   2
        Calcium-Calmodulin Complex  3
        Hipothermia-Induced Cell Swelling  6
        Hypothermia and pH   8
        The Effects of Preservation Solutions   8
        Hypothermia and Microcirculation    10
        Injury Caused by Preservation   10
        Free Radicals and Preservation Injury    10
        Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecules and Preservation Injury   12
        Th e Future of Organ Preservation   12
2.     Organ Donation and Procurement  16
        Francisco Rodríguez-Quilantán, Alexander H. Toledo, Roberto Anaya-Prado and Luis H. 
        Toledo-Pereyra
        Introduction  16
        Criteria for Organ Donation: Brain Death  16
        Non-Heart-Beating Organ Donors   16
        Organ Donation and Procurement   17
        Multivisceral Donation for Multivisceral Transplantation  30
        Multivisceral Procurement for Multvisceral Transplantation  30
3.     Perfusion and Storage Techniques  33
        Amer Rajab, Ronald P. Pelletier and Mitchell L. Henry
        Introduction  33
        Goals of Preservation   33
        Ischemic Phase  33
        Organ Preservation and Injury   34
        Organ Injury: Pathophysiology of Ischemic Phase  34
        Organ Injury: Pathophysiology of Reperfusion Phase   35
        Hypothermia    36
        Cold Preservation   36
        Preservation Solutions   37
        Specific Preservation Solutions  39
        Clinical Preservation  40
4.     Organ Freezing   45
        Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra, Fernando Lopez-Neblina and Alexander H. Toledo
        Introduction   45
        Difficulties of Organ Freezing   45
        Kidney Freezing    46
        Liver Freezing   49
        Pancreas Freezing   49
        Small Bowel Freezing  51
        Heart Freezing  .52
        Freezing of Other Organs  53
5.     Cellular and Molecular Biology of Ischemia Reperfusion  58
        Shohachi Suzuki
        Introduction  .59
        Cellular Mechanisms 59
        Molecular Mechanisms in  63
        Conclusion and Perspective 90
6.     Metabolic Management  82
        Sufan Chien
        Ischemic Eff ects on Tissues and Organs   82
        Metabolic Inhibition by Hypothermia   88
        Inhibition of Tissue Metabolism by Hibernation  91
        Metabolic Substrate Supplement  92
        Other Pharmacologic Interventions  103
        Preconditioning  107
        Other Important Factors in Organ Preservation  107
        Nature Still Provides the Best Preservation  108
        Future Perspective  109
7.     Kidney Preservation  124
        Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra, Juan M. Palma-Vargas and Alexander H. Toledo
        Introduction  124
        Hypothermic Storage  124
        Hypothermic Perfusion  128
        Advantages and Disadvantages of Preservation Methods  131
        Length of Preservation   134
        Nonheartbeating Cadaveric Donors  135
        Predicting Factors of Renal Function  136
        Other Possibilities for Improved Kidney Preservation  137
8.     Pancreas Preservation  143
        Shinichi Matsumoto, Hirofumi Noguchi, Naoya Kobayashi, Angelika Gruessner and David 
        E.R.  Sutherland
        History of Pancreas Preservation  143
        Clinical Pancreas Transplant Results   145
        Current Advances in Pancreas Preservation   145
        Pancreas Preservation before Islet Isolation and Transplantation  146
9.     Liver Preservation  153
        James V. Guarrera
        Introduction 153
        Management of the Brain Dead Donor  154
        Procurement Techniques   156
        Liver Reperfusion and Preservation Injury  157
        Clinical Implications of Reperfusion/Preservation Injury 157
        Extended Criteria Donors: Characteristics Th at Are Synergistic with Preservation Injury  160
        Elderly Donors  160
        Underlying Liver Histopathology: Steatosis  161
        Length of Cold Ischemia Time  161
        Ischemia Associated with Liver Injury: Donation aft er Cardiac Death  162
        Clinically Available Preservation Solutions  162
        Comparison of UW, HTK and Celsior in Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation  164
        Comparison of UW and HTK in Living Donor Transplantation  165
        Pharmacologic Treatment of the Donor   165
        Novel Liver Preservation Strategies  165
        Apoptosis Inhibitors  165
        Nitric Oxide Donors   166
        Pentoxifylline   166
        Antioxidants and Heat-Shock Proteins     166
        IGL-1: Na+/K+ Inversion and PEG Substitution  167
        Polysol    167
        Vasosol  167
        Selective Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors  167
        Hibernation: Intrinsic Protection from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 168
        Ischemic Preconditioning of Liver Grafts    168
        Machine Perfusion as a Liver Preservation Strategy  168
        Hypothermic Machine Perfusion and Marginal Livers   168
        The Columbia Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Clinical Trial  169
10.   Small Bowel Preservation     175
        Debra McKeehen, Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra and Roberta E. Sonnino
        Introduction  175
        Historical Background  175
        Assessment of Absorptive Capacity aft er Preservation  176
        Role of Endotoxin and Bacteria in Preserved Small Bowel  177
        Attempts at Clinical Preservation   177
        Prevention and Amelioration of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury   177
        Use of Immunosuppressive Drugs for Graft Pretreatment  178
        Search for Improved Preservation Solutions   178
        Intraluminal Hypothermic Perfusion   179
        Effects of Donor Nutritional Status   180
        Reduction of Oxidative and Energetic Stress   180
        Recent Research Work Using Human Small Bowel  180
        Clinical Small Bowel Preservation—Current Status 181
11.   Heart Preservation 185
       Yoshikazu Suzuki and Francis D. Pagani
        Introduction   185
        Background   185
        Time Limitations with Heart Preservation  186
        Limitations in the Availability of Cardiac Allograft s   186
        Donor Management Strategies before Procurement: Signifi cant Impact of Brain Death on the
            Outcome of Heart Transplantation   186
        Evolving Concepts of the Association of Brain Death with Acute Allograft Rejection and
            Chronic Allograft Vasculopathy   187
        Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Infl ammatory Response and Chronic CAV: Central Role of
            Endothelial Dysfunction  188
        Microvasculature Prothrombogenicity in the Pathophisiology of Cardiac Allograft
            Vasculopathy  189
        Methods of Myocardial Preservation  190
        Ischemic Hypothermic Storage   190
        Hypothermia  191
        Cardioplegia and Composition of Preservation Solutions   191
        Pharmacologic Modifi cations to Cardioplegic Solutions: Attenuating Ischemia-Reperfusion
            Injury during Myocardial Preservation    193
        Myocardial Cellular Protection from “Stone Heart” (Cardiomyocyte Hypercontracture):
            Irreversible Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury  198
        Alternative Strategies to Hypothermic Ischemic Storage   203
12.   Heart and Lung Preservation   214
        Jason A. Williams, Ashish S. Shah and William A. Baumgartner
        Introduction   214
        Donor Organ Injury   215
        Heart-Lung and Lung Preservation Techniques   218
        Composition of Perfusate and Storage Solutions   221
        Lung Inflation during Storage   227
        Preservation during Implantation  227
        Reperfusion Modifi cation  227
13.   Future of Organ Procurement and Preservation  239
         Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra
Index   243


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