Friday, October 10, 2014

Cognitive Psychology A Student’s Handbook






Cognitive Psychology A Student’s Handbook
Buku Ini pertama kali diterbitkan pertama kali tahun 2000 Psychology Press, Ltd. Kemudian terbit yang ke dua tahun 2001, 2002, dan buku ini merupakan edisi 4 terbit tahun 2003.


Judul:   Cognitive Psychology A Student’s Handbook 4th Edition
Oleh: Michael W. Eysenck, et al
Penerbit: Psychology Press, Ltd.
Tahun: 2003
Jumlah Halaman: 703 hal.

Penulis:
-

Lingkup Pembahasan:

Buku ini mengemukakan semua proses dan struktur dari sistem kognitif saling bergantung. Kata-kata italicised dalam suatu paragraf menunjukkan beberapa bahan utama kognisi manusia, dan membentuk dasar dari cakupan psikologi kognitif. Mengingat fungsi saling bergantung dari semua aspek dari sistem kognitif, ada penekanan dalam buku ini tentang cara-cara di mana setiap proses (misalnya, persepsi) tergantung pada proses lainnya dan struktur (misalnya, perhatian, ingatan jangka panjang; disimpan representasi). Ini harus membantu tugas membuat rasa kompleksitas sistem kognitif manusia.
Buku ini  terdiri atas 19 Bab. Bab 1 Pendahuluan mengemukakan tentang Kognitif secara umum. Bab 2 Persepsi visual: Dasar proses. Bab 3 Persepsi, gerakan, dan tindakan. Bab 4  Pengenalan Objek. Bab 5 Perhatian dan keterbatasan kinerja. Bab 6 Memori: Struktur dan Proses. Bab 7 Teori Memori Jangka Panujang. Bab 8  Memori dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari. Bab 9 Pengetahuan: Proposisi dan gambar.
Bab 10 Objek, Konsep., dan kategori. Bab 11 Persepsi Lisan dan Membaca. Bab 12  Pemahaman Bahasa. Bab 13  Produksi Bahasa.  Bab 14 Pemecahan masalah: Puzzle, wawasan, dan keahlian. Bab 15  Kreativitas dan Penyelidikan. Bab 16 Penalaran dan Deduksi. Bab 17  Pertimbangan dan pengambilan keputusan. Bab 18 Kognisi dan Emosi. Bab 19 Saat ini dan Masa Depan.


Daftar Isi:
Preface xii

1. Introduction 1
    Cognitive psychology as a science 1
    Cognitive science 5
    Cognitive neuropsychology 13
    Cognitive neuroscience 18
    Outline of this book 25
    Chapter summary 26
    Further reading 27
2. Visual perception: Basic processes 28
    Introduction 28
    Perceptual organisation 28
    Depth and size perception 34
    Colour perception 43
    Brain systems 48
    Chapter summary 56
    Further reading 57
3. Perception, movement, and action 58
    Introduction 58
    Constructivist theories 59
    Direct perception 64
    Theoretical integration 68
    Motion, perception, and action 70
    Visually guided action 71
    Perception of object motion 79
    Chapter summary 87
    Further reading 89
4. Object recognition 90
    Introduction 90
    Pattern recognition 91
    Marr’s computational theory 96
    Cognitive neuropsychology approach 106
    Cognitive science approach 109
    Face recognition 116
    Chapter summary 128
    Further reading 129
5. Attention and performance limitations 130
    Introduction 130
    Focused auditory attention 132
    Focused visual attention 136
    Divided attention 147
    Automatic processing 155
    Action slips 160
    Chapter summary 165
    Further reading 166
6. Memory: Structure and processes 167
    Introduction 167
    The structure of memory 167
    Working memory 172
    Memory processes 182
    Theories of forgetting 187
    Theories of recall and recognition 194
    Chapter summary 203
    Further reading 204
7. Theories of long-term memory 205
    Introduction 205
    Episodic and semantic memory 205
    Implicit memory 208
    Implicit learning 211
    Transfer appropriate processing 213
    Amnesia 216
    Theories of amnesia 223
    Chapter summary 234
    Further reading 235
8. Everyday memory 236
    Introduction 236
    Autobiographical memory 238
    Memorable memories 245
    Eyewitness testimony 249
    Superior memory ability 256
    Prospective memory 261
    Evaluation of everyday memory research 263
    Chapter summary 264
    Further reading 265
9. Knowledge: Propositions and images 266
    Introduction 266
    What is a representation? 267
    What is a proposition? 270
    Propositions: Objects and relations 271
    Schemata, frames, and scripts 276
    What is an image? Some evidence 282
    Propositions versus images 287
    Kosslyn’s computational model of imagery 293
    The neuropsychology of visual imagery 298
    Connectionist representations 299
    Chapter summary 304
    Further reading 305
10.  Objects, concepts, and categories 306
    Introduction 306
    Evidence on categories and categorisation 307
    The defining-attribute view 313
    The prototype view 317
    The exemplar-based view 320
    Explanation-based views of concepts 322
    Conceptual combination 325
    Concepts and similarity 326
    Evaluating theories of categorisation 331
    Neurological evidence on concepts 332
    Chapter summary 333
    Further reading 334
11. Speech perception and reading 335
    Introduction 335
    Listening to speech 336
    Theories of word recognition 340
    Cognitive neuropsychology 345
    Basic reading processes 348
    Word identification 352
    Routes from print to sound 357
    Chapter summary 365
    Further reading 367
12.  Language comprehension 368
    Introduction 368
    Sentence processing 368
    Capacity theory 376
    Discourse processing 379
    Story processing 386
    Chapter summary 397
    Further reading 398
13.  Language production 399
    Introduction 399
    Speech as communication 399
    Speech production processes 401
    Theories of speech production 403
    Cognitive neuropsychology: Speech production 410
    Cognitive neuroscience: Speech production 412
    Writing: Basic processes 414
    Cognitive neuropsychology: Writing 419
    Speaking and writing compared 425
    Language and thought 426
    Chapter summary 428
    Further reading 430
14.  Problem solving: Puzzles, insight, and expertise 431
    Introduction 431
    Early research: The Gestalt school 433
    Newell and Simon’s problem-space theory 438
    Evaluating research on puzzles 446
    Re-interpreting the Gestalt findings 449
    From puzzles to expertise 452
    Evaluation of expertise research 461
    Learning to be an expert 461
    Cognitive neuropsychology of thinking 465
    Chapter summary 466
    Further reading 467
15.  Creativity and discovery 468
    Introduction 468
    Genius and talent 468
    General approaches to creativity 469
    Discovery using mental models 473
    Discovery by analogy 476
    Scientific discovery by hypothesis testing 480
    Evaluating problem-solving research 483
    Chapter summary 486
    Further reading 487
16.  Reasoning and deduction 488
    Introduction 488
    Theoretical approaches to reasoning 491
    How people reason with conditionals 492
    Abstract-rule theory 502
    Mental models theory 506
    Domain-specific rule theories 513
    Probabilistic theory 515
    Cognitive neuropsychology of reasoning 518
    Rationality and evaluation of theories 519
    Chapter summary 520
    Further reading 521
17. Judgement and decision making 522
    Introduction 522
    Judgement research 523
    Decision making 531
    How flawed are judgement and decision making? 534
    Chapter summary 535
    Further reading 536
18.  Cognition and emotion 537
    Introduction 537
    Does affect require cognition? 537
    Theories of emotional processing 543
    Emotion and memory 549
    Emotion, attention, and perception 556
    Conclusions on emotional processing 561
    Chapter summary 563
    Further reading 564
19. Present and future 565
    Introduction 565
    Experimental cognitive psychology 565
    Cognitive neuropsychology 568
    Cognitive science 570
    Cognitive neuroscience 573
    Present and future directions 575
    Chapter summary 576
    Further reading 577
Glossary 579
References 591
Author index 657
Subject index 680


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