Sunday, February 7, 2016

Critical Thinking for A2






Critical Thinking for A2
Buku ini diterbitkan tahun 2007  oleh  Spring Hill House, Spring Hill Road,  UK. adalah buku edisi  Pertama.



Judul:  Critical Thinking for A2
Oleh: Roy van den Brink-Budgen
Penerbit:  Spring Hill House, Spring Hill Road,  UK.
Tahun: 2007
Jumlah Halaman:  189  hal.

Penulis:
Roy van den Brink-Budgen

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Lingkup Pembahasan:
Buku ini memberikan semua kebutuhan informasi Anda  untuk mencapai sukses dalam perjalanan A2. Buku Ini mencakup semua informasi dan penjelasan yang diperlukan. Hal ini juga memberi Anda banyak contoh dan latihan sehingga Anda dapat berlatih dan mengembangkan keterampilan Anda.  Buku ini juga diharapkan  juga melayani tujuan lain. Artinya, untuk menunjukkan bahwa subjek adalah salah satu yang sangat besar pentingnya. Ada banyak nilai untuk dapat berpikir dengan hati-hati, untuk berpikir berkaitan dengan kemungkinan lain dan penjelasan lainnya. Oleh karena itu subjek mendapatkan tetap yang lebih banyak.

Daftar Isi:

PREFACE

PART 1 / UNIT 3: RESOLUTION OF DILEMMAS
Introduction: what is this unit concerned with?
1  DEFINITIONS
    Problems of definition
    Defining freedom
    Practising with definitions
    Finding the problematic term
    Finding problems within the definition
    Summary
    Activity 1: commentary
    References
2  THE CONTINUUM OF CHOICE
    `Activity 1: commentary
    Activity 2: commentary
    References
3  THE CRITERIA OF CHOICE
    What do we mean by 'criteria of choice'?
    Activity 1: commentary
    References
4  IDENTIFYING DILEMMAS
    What do we mean by a 'dilemma'?
    Activity 1  Evidence
    Use of aid
    Human rights
    Corruption
    Living standards
    Life expectancy
    Levels of aid
    Givers and receivers of aid
    Conditions for receipt of aid
    Public opinion
    Activity 1: commentary
    Cost
    Public opinion
    Activity 2: commentary
    References
5  INTRODUCING ETHICAL THEORIES
    Utilitarianism
    Killing and consequences
    Happiness, well-being, pleasure, and other good things
    How can we apply utilitarianism to actual decision-making?
    How can we rate different types of pleasure?
    How do we rate different levels of experiencing pleasure?
    How can we establish what people's preferences are?
    What if someone's (or some group's) preferences change?
    What preferences should we take into account?
    How do we know if or when we have maximised welfare?
    Does utilitarianism allow for extreme positions to be adopted?
    Does utilitarianism help us to know how to distribute scarce resources?
    Doesn't utilitarianism merely encourage selfishness?
    Deontological ethics
    Ethical duties
    How do we see ethical duties?
    Applying the ethics of duty to decision-making
    Different rules?
    Duties, ends, and means
    John Rawls
    The veil of ignorance
    The difference principle
    Libertarianism
    Robert Nozick
    Issues of distribution of resources
    Activity 1: commentary
    References

PART II / UNIT 4: CRITICAL REASONING
    Introduction: what is this unit concerned with?
6  UNRAVELLING COMPLEXITY
    Activity 1
    Form and content
    Dilemmas: real and false
    Implication
    Affirming the consequent
    Chain arguments
    Denying the consequent
    Activity 1: commentary
    Activity 2: commentary
    Activity 3: commentary
    Activity 4: commentary
    References
7  THE SIGNIFICANCE, PRESENTATION, AND SELECTION OF INFORMATION
    Significance of information
    Presentation of information
    Information given in diagrams
    Information shown in graphs
    Selection of information
    Activity 1: commentary
    Activity 2: commentary
    Activity 3: commentary
    Activity 4: commentary
    Activity 5(a): commentary
    Activity 5(b): commentary
    Activity 6: commentary
    References
8  GETTING FURTHER INSIDE ARGUMENTS
    Consistency and inconsistency
    Further issues of definition
    Charity and other principles
    Being rhetorical and being logical
    Activity 1: commentary
    Activity 2: commentary
    Activity 3: commentary
    Activity 4: commentary
    Activity 5: commentary
    References
9  PULLING IT ALL TOGETHER
    Activity 1: commentary
    Activity 2: commentary
    Activity 3: commentary
    References

 
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