Teaching and Learning Strategies for The Thinking Classroom (Strategi Mengajar dan Belajar Berpikir di dalam Kelas)
Buku ini diterbitkan pertama kali Tahun 2005 Oleh : The International Debate Education Association
Judul: Teaching and Learning Strategies for The Thinking Classroom (Strategi Mengajar dan Belajar Berpikir di dalam Kelas)
Oleh: Alan Crawford, etal
Penerbit: The International Debate Education Association
Tahun: 2005
Jumlah Halaman: 252 hal.
Pengarang:
-
Lingkup Pembahasan:
Buku ini berupaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan di sekolah-sekolah dalam hal belajar lebih dalam,
belajar seumur hidup yang dapat digunakan siswa dan yang membuat mereka tidak hanya siswa yang lebih baik tapi lebih banyak anggota masyarakat yang produktif. Di samping itu buku ini mengemukakan untuk mengajar "ide-ide kecil, " dan "Ide-ide besar" oleh guru, merupakan pernyataan yang tinggi tentang betapa pentingnya belajar aktif dan berpikir kritis. "Ide kecil" adalah bagaimana sebenarnya mengajarkan untuk aktif belajar dan berpikir kritis, di kelas nyata.
Buku ini terinspirasi oleh projek Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking (RWCT), dan penulis ini telah lama bekerja di proyek itu. RWCT telah bekerja dengan lebih dari 40.000 guru di 29 negara. Program RWCT dirancang oleh Jeannie Steele, Temple Charles, Scott Walter, dan Kurt Meredith, dan dibawa ke kehidupan oleh 70 relawan guru-pelatih dari Amerika Serikat, Kanada, Inggris, dan nomor Australia.Their
dikalikan sepuluh kali lipat oleh pelatih bersertifikat di 29 negara yang berpartisipasi. Pelatih yang
direkrut dan diberi dukungan administratif oleh Asosiasi Membaca Internasional. George Soros ' Open Society Institute memberikan dukungan keuangan, dan 29 kantor Yayasan Soros sekitar dunia memberikan proyek rumah. Kutipan dari guru dan siswa dalam proyek yang RWCT ditemukan di seluruh buku ini.
Daftar Isi:
PREFACE ix
SECTION 1: PRINCIPLES OF ACTIVE LEARNING AND CRITICAL THINKING 1
The Most Productive Teaching 1
Organizing Instruction for Active Learning 2
Thinking Critically 4
The Classroom Environment 7
How to Make the Most of This Learning Program 9
SECTION 2: TEACHING METHODS AND STRATEGIES 10
Core Lessons and How To Read Them 10
FIRST CORE LESSON: LEARNING INFORMATION FROM TEXT 13
How to Read this Lesson 13
LESSON 13
METHODS 22
Structured Overview 22
Know/Want to Know/Learn 23
Paired Reading/Paired Summarizing 25
Value Line 26
Quick-write 27
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 27
What? So What? Now What? 27
Brainstorming 29
Paired Brainstorming 29
Question Board 30
Question Search 31
SECOND CORE LESSON: UNDERSTANDING NARRATIVE TEXT 35
How to Read this Lesson 35
LESSON 35
METHODS 42
Directed Reading Activity (DRA) 42
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 44
Directed Reading-Thinking Activity (DR-TA) and Chart 44
THIRD CORE LESSON: COOPERATIVE LEARNING 48
How to Read this Lesson 49
LESSON 49
METHODS 54
Mix/Freeze/Pair 54
Close Reading with Text Coding 55
Jigsaw 56
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 58
Roles in Cooperative Groups 58
Community Agreements 59
Pens in the Middle 61
Walk-Around/Talk-Around 62
One Stay/Three Stray 63
Academic Controversy 64
Trade a Problem 65
Specialized Roles in Discussions 66
Discussion Roles for Other Subjects 68
The ReQuest Procedure 69
Reading and Questioning 70
Reciprocal Teaching 71
FOCUS ON: Warm-Up Activities 72
Scavenger Hunt 73
Secret Talents 73
Two Truths and a Lie 73
Spider Web 74
I Love You, Dear 74
Talk to Me 74
Look Up, Mon 75
FOURTH CORE LESSON: CONDUCTING A DISCUSSION 77
How to Read this Lesson 77
LESSON 77
METHODS 90
Predicting from Terms 90
Directed Listening-Thinking Activity 91
Shared Inquiry Approach 92
Discussion Web 96
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 97
Debates 97
Save the Last Word for Me 99
FIFTH CORE LESSON: WRITING AND INQUIRY 102
How to Read this Lesson 102
LESSON 103
METHODS 111
I-Search Procedure 111
A Format for the I-Search Paper 115
Further Methods for Teaching Writing 115
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 118
Service-Learning 118
SIXTH CORE LESSON: WRITING TO PERSUADE 122
How to Read this Lesson 122
LESSON 122
METHODS 128
Persuasive Writing 128
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 129
Writing to Learn 129
FOCUS ON: Other Writing Methods 130
Quick-write 130
Free Write 131
Dual-Entry Diary 131
Learning Log 131
SEVENTH CORE LESSON: UNDERSTANDING ARGUMENTS 134
How to Read this Lesson 134
LESSON 134
METHODS 142
M-Charts 142
Focused Lesson on Arguments 143
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 144
Critiquing Narrative Texts 144
CONTENTS
EIGHTH CORE LESSON: CRITICAL LISTENING 146
How to Read this Lesson 146
LESSON 146
METHODS 154
Fishbowl and Enhanced Lecture with M-Chart 154
VARIATIONS AND RELATED METHODS 156
Socratic Questioning 156
SECTION 3: LESSON PLANNING AND ASSESSMENT 159
1. LESSON PLANNING 159
Authenticity, Choice and Community 159
Planning for Instruction 161
Planning an Individual Lesson 161
Preliminary Concerns 161
Activities 162
Management Concerns 162
Thematic Units of Instruction 165
Steps in Developing Thematic Units 167
Example of Thematic Unit 170
2. ASSESSMENT 172
Assessment of Critical Thinking and Active Learning 172
Assessment in Active Learning Environments 172
Steps to Simplify Assessment during Active Learning 174
Assessing the Quality of Stduent’s Thinking through Written Products 178
Developing Rubrics 180
Self-Assessment for Teachers 181
SECTION 4: TEACHING IN AND ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES 182
1. LITERATURE STUDY 182
2. MATHEMATICS 190
3. SCIENCE 194
4. THE ARTS 200
5. INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 204
ACTIVE LEARNING ON YOUR OWN 210
APPENDIX 1: STUDENT AND TEACHER PERFORMANCE STANDARDS AND RUBRICS 213
1. STUDENT STANDARDS AND RUBRICS 214
2. TEACHER STANDARDS AND RUBRICS 220
APPENDIX II: TEXTS FOR DISCUSSION 223
Elephants and Farmers 223
The Shilling 224
Remembering Columbus 226
Ivan and the Seal Skin 227
Jack and the Beanstalk 229
Let’s Hear it for the Smokers! 231
Enhanced Lecture in Opposition to the Kyoto Protocol on Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions 232
The Three Billy Goats Gruff 233
GLOSSARY 235
REFERENCES 24
Berminat?
Email: zanetapm@gmail.com
0 comments:
Post a Comment